What actually makes mortgage rates go up or down?
Two different engines. Your variable rate follows the Bank of Canada policy rate, through your lender\'s prime rate. Your fixed rate follows the bond market and the lender\'s funding costs. So what makes mortgage rates go down is not one thing, it is two, and they do not always move together.
Start with variable. The Bank of Canada sets its policy rate on eight fixed dates a year. When it cuts, the prime rate falls, and your variable rate falls with it. When it holds, your variable rate sits still. That is the direct line between a Bank of Canada interest rate decision and your payment.
Fixed rates work differently. Lenders raise the money for fixed mortgages from investors, so fixed pricing tracks Government of Canada bond yields plus a margin. In mid 2026 the five-year bond yield sat around 3%, which is a big reason fixed rates were higher than variable. When those yields climb, fixed rates tend to climb too.
Behind both sits inflation. High inflation keeps the Bank cautious and keeps investors demanding more, so rates stay up. Cooling inflation is what opens the door to lower rates. You can read the mechanics straight from the Bank of Canada\'s own explainer on what is behind your mortgage rate.
Here is the part most people miss. Fixed and variable can move in opposite directions. In early 2020 the Bank of Canada cut hard, so variable rates dropped. At the same time nervous investors pushed lender funding costs up, so some fixed rates actually rose in the same stretch. Same market, opposite directions. It is why I never assume a Bank cut automatically lowers every rate.